Searching Scottish Roots Several hundred thousand Scots immigrated to North America during the seventeenth and eighteenth century. The majority of Scottish immigrants arrived in America from the earliest colonial times up to the Revolutionary War.The main phase of immigration from Scotland during the colonial period actually occurred in the aftermath of the French and Indian Wars and before the outbreak of the American Revolution. The four main phases of Scottish immigration during this century were: (1) Nova Scotia in the 1620s; (2) New England and the Chesapeake mid-century; (3) South Carolina in the mid-1680s; and (4) East New Jersey, also in the mid-1680s. In total, probably around 4,000 Scots settled between Stuartstown, South Carolina and Port Royal, Nova Scotia before 1700.these new immigrants came from all over Scotland.
Sources of information for Scottish immigrant include parish records, passenger lists, prison records, church records, court records, deeds, wills, marriage contracts, Treasury papers and State papers.
The Scottish connection with the Caribbean started in 1611 with the voyage to the West Indies of the Janet of Leith. It was not until after 1626 that Scots actually settled in the Caribbean. James Hay, Earl of Carlisle, a Scot was appointed to the post of Governor of the Caribbean in 1627 which started a Scots to immigrate to the Caribbean including Barbados and other islands.The majority oThe main phase of immigration from Scotland during the colonial period actually occurred in the aftermath of the French and Indian Wars and before the outbreak of the American Revolution. The four main phases of Scottish immigration during this century were: (1) Nova Scotia in the 1620s; (2) New England and the Chesapeake mid-century; (3) South Carolina in the mid-1680s; and (4) East New Jersey, also in the mid-1680s. In total, probably around 4,000 Scots settled between Stuartstown, South Carolina and Port Royal, Nova Scotia before 1700.these new immigrants came from all over Scotland.f Scots to the West Indies were taken there against their will as prisoners of war. In 1654 Oliver Cromwell ordered these prisoners of war to be transported. Felons and political dissidents were taken there in chains directly from Scotland. Planters in the West Indies requested requested Scottish indentured servants to work their plantations. A steady stream of indentured servants sailed from Scottish and English ports to the West Indies. The main phase of immigration from Scotland during the colonial period actually occurred in the aftermath of the French and Indian Wars and before the outbreak of the American Revolution.
During the 1660s the Glasgow-based organization called the Company Trading to Virginia, the Caribbee Islands, Barbados, New England, St. Kitts, Montserrat, and Other Colonies in America established economic links with the West Indies. By the latter part of the seventeenth century, Scots merchants, planters, seafarers, and indentured servants were to be found throughout the English and Dutch colonies of the Caribbean. In total, it is believed that as many as 5,000 Scots settled temporarily or permanently in the Caribbean before the Act of Union in 1707. The settlement of Scots in the West Indies was important from the point of view both of the colonist and the home country. Many of the colonists used the islands as a stopping-off point before continuing on to the mainland of America, where they then settled. Alexander Hamilton and Theodore Roosevelt are numbered among those who descend from Scots who initially settled in the Caribbean. The Act of Union of 1707 eliminated restrictions on trade between Scotland and the American colonies, and in consequence emigration to the West Indies increased rather substantially.
There was a man named Anthony Wayne was born on a one thousand acre estate known as Waynesborough in Easttown Township, Chester County in the countryside outside the City Of Philadelphia on January 1, 1745. Wayne graduated from the Academy of Philadelphia and went to work as a surveyor in Chester County and Nova Scotia, Canada. When Wayne returned to Pennsylvania in 1766, he married Mary Penrose (1749-1793). He and Mary also named Polly had two children, Margaret (1770-1810) and Isaac (1772-1852). Wayne inherited his fathers estate in 1774. Waynesborough is still in existence today and one can take of tour of the property, however, I think part of it is a golf course and country club also called Waynesborough.
As the American Revolutionary War was stirring up, Wayne was serving on the Chester County Committee for Safety and the Provincial Assembly of Pennsylvania. He was appointed a Colonel in 1776 and was in command of the fourth battalion of Pennsylvania Line. In 1777 he was promoted to Brigadier General. Anthony Wayne served in many campaigns during the Revolutioary War. Wayne got the name “Mad Anthony”from his capture of Stony Point on July 15, 1779 where it was concluded that as daring and brilliant a feat it was, only a madman would take such a risk. Wayne retired in 1783 with the rank of Brevet Major General. Wayne returned to service in 1791 and fought in the Indian campaigns. On December 15, 1796 General “Mad Anthony” Wayne died from gout at Presque Isle (Erie) Pennsylvania at the age of 51. According to his wishes he was buried on a high bluff known as Garrison Hill. His remains were placed in a brick vault.
In 1809 Colonel Isaac Wayne, his son went to Presque Isle to remove the remains and bring them back to Chester County to be buried at St. David’s church in Radnor, Newtown Township, Pennsylvania. Since it was difficult to transport remains in 1809, it was decided to remove the flesh from the bones. After this grizzly task was completed and the flesh removed, the flesh was reburied on Presque Isle, Isaac Wayne returned to Chester County with the bones.
The following is the local lore surrounding the bones of General Mad Anthony Wayne:
As Colonel Isaac Wayne was coming home with the bones of his father to rebury them, let us imagine the ride home from Erie, Pennsylvania. The ride was long and the roads were dirt. The clomping of horses hooves on the road and the sound of wagon wheels turning left little room to hear anything else. The story goes that the package containing the bones came unraveled and as Isaac was driving the bones started to move and started falling out of the wagon. Isaac didn’t notice this until he got home to find out that the bones were strewn on the road. I suppose that Isaac had to backtrack to find the missing bones since they were reburied
I passed by Waynesborough on a daily basis and each time I passed the property, I tried to imagine the scene in 1809 as Isaac was looking for the bones of his father. Not only was General Anthony Wayne buried in two places, maybe he is buried in more than two places unless of course Isaac found all the bones.
Most immigrants arriving in New York during the first half of the 19th century were docked on the east side of the tip of Manhattan. Starting on August 1st in the year 1855 immigrants were landed at Castle Garden. Castle Garden served as an immigration station until April 18, 1890. After the closing of Castle Garden an old barge office in Manhattan was used to process immigrants. Ellis Island opened with great fanfare on January 1, 1892. After the closing of Castle Garden, immigrants were processed at an old barge office in Manhattan until the opening of the Ellis Island Immigration Center on 1 January 1892.
Castle Clinton began its interesting life as a fort built to defend New York Harbor from the British during the War of 1812. Twelve years after the war it was ceded to New York City by the U.S. Army. The former fort reopened in 1824 as Castle Garden, a public cultural center and theatre. More than 8 million immigrants were processed before it was closed on April 18, 1890. Castle Garden was succeeded by Ellis Island in 1892 when the federal government took over control of the processing of immigrants. This facility was much larger than Castle Garden and also more isolated. Most of Castle Garden immigrant records were destroyed when fire struck the Ellis Island facility on June 15, 1897. The fire was first seen at 12:38 AM by the lookout for the harbor police station. He first noticed a flame about as big as a man’s hand coming out of the window on the second floor. The fire spread rapidly and at 01:05 AM the eaves of the roof were ablaze. At 02:00 AM it was thought by those watching from the Battery that all building would be destroyed. The fire was then at it’s worse and presented a large spectacle as seen from the city. at 02:10 AM all the immigrants, about 200 at the time were brought safely from Ellis Islane d to the Barge Office on the Battery. Luckily there was no loss of life.
Locating ancestors who fought in the Civil War is another piece of information to add to the family tree. Pension files from the Civil War have information on family relationships as well as date and place of marriage. Also listed are the places the soldier lived after the war was over. Muster roll contain places of birth. The things you have to know are the soldiers name, which army the soldier served in (Union or Confederate) and the state in which the soldier lived at the time the Civil War started.
Locating a Civil War ancestor can provide another source of information on your family tree. Civil War pension files, for example, contain statements of family relationships, dates and places of marriage, and li soliervarious places the soldier lived after the war. Muster-in rolls often contain places of birth, as do descriptive rolls. To find information as to where the soldier lived prior to the Civil War, the U.S. census from 1860 may help. If the soldier had an uncommon name it may be a little easier to pinpoint where the soldier lived.
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Newspaper obituaries record the lives of our ancestors. There is a wealth of information to be gotten from them. Death notices have been recorded in newspapers since the newspaper was created. Finding death notices from our ancestors used to be a tedious task since we had to visit the library where they were usually stored and then go through miles of microfilm. Since the age of the internet millions of newspaper pages have been indexed and became available online. There are online newspapers in the United States that have been indexed from the 1600′s until today. Of course it is a good idea to have some information on the ancestor we are looking for in the death notices. When beginning a search on an individual, try not to give too much information such as key words. Newspapers may use the word obituary or death notice or death notice’s and you may miss an obituary because of a key word used in the search.
While reading a death notice get all the details that notice has to offer. Since most of the immediate relatives are usually listed, you may find the names of all the family members as well as other relatives. Some other information would be birth date, where the deceased was born and where he or she lived during their life. Another detail may be the occupation of the deceased and education as well as social groups he or she was a member of. Listed usually is where the deceased will be buried and who look care of the arrangements.
I’ll give you an example of what you can find in an obituary. A relative of mine name Orlando Palmerio was married to my aunt and I knew little about him except that he wasmarried my aunt. In reading the death notice I found that he immigrated from Italy in 1912 at the age of 14. That piece of information gave me more to go on. I also found that he settled in my home town and I found him on the 1920 census. Another piece of information was that he also went by the name James Palmer. I always wondered why we called him Uncle Jim when his name was Orlando. From the death notice I also found out his mothers name and that of his sister as well as where he was employed and when he retired as well as how many years he worked for the employer. Listed on the obit was also the social club he belonged to. The best thing I found that my aunt (his wife) was not named Mary but Mary Rose.
You see there is a lot of information you can learn from a death notice if you look at it carefully and it easier than ever to find this information in online newspapers both current and historical.
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On June 18, 1812 President James Madison declared war on Great Britain. The average British subject had no idea that their cousins in America were defying the British government again in defense of their right to sail the seas unmolested. The British were occupied with the ongoing struggle with Napoleon and had no time with what was going on across the Atlantic Ocean.
The declaration of war was declared for the following reasons: Since Great Britain was at war with France, there was a shortage of skilled sailors. The commanders of British war ships stopped by force American and other ships and the commanders of British war ship impressed its sailors. Britain also tried to prevent American farmers from trading with the French. British doctrine and the system of blockade caused havoc on the commerce of the United States. British soldiers continued to occupy territories belonging to America along the Great Lakes even after agreeing to leave according to the treaty of Paris in 1783. The British while occupying these lands also supported the in their struggle with settlers on their lands. During this struggle, the British set fire to Washington D.C. The War of 1812 was ended with the treaty of Ghent and signed on December 24, 1814.
Our National Anthem was written by Francis Scott Key during the War of 1812 while being held by the British as Fort McHenry was being attacked.
Here is the storyof Francis Scott Key
The following databases are available online at Ancestry.com (Paid Subscription required)
On April 6, 1917 war was declared on Germany by the United States. Six weeks later, on May 18, 1917, the Selective Service Act was passed. Every male living in the United States between the ages of eighteen and forty-five were required to register for the draft. At this time in history there were many alien living in the United States due to high rate of immigration for the last thirty or so years.
Approximately 98% of men between the age of 21 to 46 filled out draft registration cards between 1917 and 1918. This database is extremely important since it covers a large portion of men living in the United States in the 20th century.
The World War I Draft Registration cards reside at the National Archives And Records Administration, however, due to partnership with various websites, they can be accessed online. On these cards you can find much information including full name, address, birth date, country of birth, citizenship status, employer, age, race, occupation, nearest relative, marital status, previous military service. Another thing you will see on these cards is your relations signature
Happy Hunting,
Dianne
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The first legislation concerning the Revolutionary War soldiers occurred as far back as 1776. The Continental Congress recognized the debt of gratitude owed to the men who risked their lives fighting the war of independence. The Continental Congress turned their attention to the subject of military pensions. On August 26, 1776, a resolution was passed. This resolution provided that every officer both commissioned and non-commissioned as well as every private soldier who in the service of the state receive such for injury or disability as to be rendered incapable of earning a living due to service. From the public funds these servicemen were to be paid a pension equal to one half his military pay. The pension was to start from the date that his pay as a soldier ceased. This type of pension was classified as Invalid Pension. The other type of pension was called Gratuitous Pension. This type of pension was for soldiers who were injured during the battles but recovered from their injuries. At the close of war government offices were flooded with applications for pension. Political favors and Nepotism all came into play and applications were approved indiscriminately. The found themselves paying over ten thousand pensions and costing them three million dollars a year. There were many who were claiming to be disabled who had recovered many years before and who were still getting a pension. By 1893 there were still about sixteen people collecting pensions but the originall pensioner was long dead. It was disclosed that there were arranged marriages between eighty year old men and twenty year old women. The great disparity in age of some of the living widowed pensioners in 1893 and their deceased husbands was so marked as to lead the already somewhat skeptically original pension minded individual of today to the conclusion that marriage with a disabled veteran was evidently looked upon as one of the most profitable forms of investment.
The National Archives and Records Administration has resources in their catalog for the Revolutionary War to research.
Genealogical.com has a CD on 6,000 pensioners who were struck off the pension rolls and reinstated.
From 1718 to 1775, British courts banished 50,000 convicts to America–the largest body of immigrants, aside from African slaves, ever sent across the Atlantic–in hopes of restoring social peace at home without posing the threat to traditional freedoms raised by the death penalty or a harsh corrective system. In the past most criminal offences were punished by death or by fine or whipping. By transporting these unwanted people to the colonies, the motherland saved itself from executing them. The prisoner who was sent to the colonies was required to serve a seven to fourteen year sentence doing public works such as building roads or contracted out to private individuals. One third of those sent to the colonies were women who were expected to work as domestics and such. When the American Revolution started, the British stopped sending prisoners to the Colonies. That is when Australia was selected as the place to send criminals. Peter Wilson Coldham wrote a book called THE COMPLETE BOOK OF MIGRANTS IN BONDAGE, 1614-1775. In this book is included an alphabetical list of men and women transported between 1614-1775 as well as where each person was tried. This same gentleman has also written a book titled BONDED PASSENGERS TO AMERICA. Ancestry.com has a database called Middlesex, England, Convict Transportation Contracts, 1682-1787.
Several hundred thousand Scots immigrated to North America during the seventeenth and eighteenth century. The majority of Scottish immigrants arrived in America from the earliest colonial times up to the Revolutionary War.The main phase of immigration from Scotland during the colonial period actually occurred in the aftermath of the French and Indian Wars and before the outbreak of the American Revolution. The four main phases of Scottish immigration during this century were: (1) Nova Scotia in the 1620s; (2) New England and the Chesapeake mid-century; (3
) South Carolina in the mid-1680s; and (4) East New Jersey, also in the mid-1680s. In total, probably around 4,000 Scots settled between Stuartstown, South Carolina and Port Royal, Nova Scotia before 1700.these new immigrants came from all over Scotland.
occurred in the aftermath of the French and Indian Wars and before the outbreak of the American Revolution. The four main phases of Scottish immigration during this century were: (1) Nova Scotia in the 1620s; (2) New England and the Chesapeake mid-century; (3) South Carolina in the mid-1680s; and (4) East New Jersey, also in the mid-1680s. In total, probably around 4,000 Scots settled between Stuartstown, South Carolina and Port Royal, Nova Scotia before 1700.these new immigrants came from all over Scotland.f Scots to the West Indies were taken there against their will as prisoners of war. In 1654 Oliver Cromwell ordered these prisoners of war to be transported. Felons and political dissidents were taken there in chains directly from Scotland. Planters in the West Indies requested requested Scottish indentured servants to work their plantations. A steady stream of indentured servants sailed from Scottish and English ports to the West Indies. The main phase of immigration from Scotland during the colonial period actually occurred in the aftermath of the French and Indian Wars and before the outbreak of the American Revolution.
During the 1660s the Glasgow-based organization called the Company Trading to Virginia, the Caribbee Islands, Barbados, New England, St. Kitts, Montserrat, and Other Colonies in America established economic links with the West Indies. By the latter part of the seventeenth century, Scots merchants, planters, seafarers, and indentured servants were to be found throughout the English and Dutch colonies of the Caribbean. In total, it is believed that as many as 5,000 Scots settled temporarily or permanently in the Caribbean before the Act of Union in 1707. The settlement of Scots in the West Indies was important from the point of view both of the colonist and the home country. Many of the colonists used the islands as a stopping-off point before continuing on to the mainland of America, where they then settled. Alexander Hamilton and Theodore Roosevelt are numbered among those who descend from Scots who initially settled in the Caribbean. The Act of Union of 1707 eliminated restrictions on trade between Scotland and the American colonies, and in consequence emigration to the West Indies increased rather substantially.
